Introduction
The purpose of this repair manual is to provide service
advisors and technicians with the basic knowledge needed to
ensure professional and competent procedures.
Note
Only the c
Physical Principles
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants.
1 - Gaseous (invisible)
2 - Vapor
3 - Liquid
4 - Solid
Refrigerant R134a Physical Data
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref
Special tools and workshop equipment
required
Trim Removal Wedge -3409-
Removing
- Unclip the inner driver side cover -1-
from the instrument panel cover using the -3409- in direction of
-arrows-.
- Remove the driver side instrument panel side cover. Refer to
→ Chapter "Instrum
The electronic throttle control (ETC) system consists of the
accelerator-pedal module, the engine control module (ECM), and
the electronic throttle body. The electronic throttle body
mainly consists of the throttle valve, the electric
throttle-valve drive element, and the throttle-valve position