Introduction
The purpose of this repair manual is to provide service
advisors and technicians with the basic knowledge needed to
ensure professional and competent procedures.
Note
Only the c
Physical Principles
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants.
1 - Gaseous (invisible)
2 - Vapor
3 - Liquid
4 - Solid
Refrigerant R134a Physical Data
Vehicle air conditioning systems make use of the
vaporization and condensation process. In this case, one works
with a substance which boils easily, designated as ref
Legal Requirements
The manufacturer is granted general type approval for the
whole vehicle including all parts and for specific retrofitting
(general type approval according to 20 StVZO (Motor Vehicle
Construction and Use Regulations or EU type approval).
Retrofitting to wheels and tires can onl